Plenary 3: Project 2028: completing the Single Market

Long regarded as the European Union’s crown jewel, the Single Market is indeed “much more than a market” – it is the foundation of the EU’s internal strength, global influence and the so-called Brussels Effect.

Yet, the ultimate promise of the Single Market remains unfulfilled. As highlighted by Ursula von der Leyen in her latest State of the Union address, the International Monetary Fund estimates that internal barriers within the Single Market are equivalent to a 45% tariff on goods and an astonishing 110% tariff on services.

While scholars debate the precise magnitude of these figures, the conclusion is clear: Europe cannot remain competitive without swift and decisive action to complete the Single Market. With 2028 now set as the new deadline, the challenge is no longer conceptual but political and operational.

This plenary session examines the key obstacles holding the Single Market back and explores concrete pathways to unlock its full potential through ambitious reforms, simplification, smarter financing and stronger coordination between EU and national levels.